Chemotherapy targets cancer cells but also affects healthy cells that divide rapidly throughout the body. Skin, hair, and nail cells divide quickly by nature, making them among the most affected tissues during chemotherapy. Significant advances have been made in 2026 in managing these side effects, and with the right care protocols, patients' quality of life can be meaningfully improved.
Effects of Chemotherapy on the Skin
Chemotherapy drugs cause various changes in the skin. These changes vary according to the type of drug used, its dosage, and the patient's individual sensitivity.
The most commonly encountered skin problems are:
- Severe dryness and peeling: A dramatic reduction in skin moisture
- Acneiform eruptions: Acne-like lesions frequently seen especially with targeted therapies
- Photosensitivity: Increased sensitivity to sunlight
- Hand-foot syndrome: Redness, swelling, and peeling on the palms and soles of the feet
- Itching and allergic reactions: Generalised or localised episodes of itching
Skin Care Protocol
The fundamental principle of skin care during chemotherapy is protection and soothing. Aggressive products and procedures must be strictly avoided.
Cleansing
pH-balanced, sulphate-free cleansers should be preferred over soap. Bath water should be lukewarm, as hot water will dry the skin further. Bath time should not exceed 10 minutes.
Moisturising
Rich moisturisers should be applied immediately after showering while the skin is still damp. Formulas containing ceramide, hyaluronic acid, and shea butter are particularly effective. Fragranced and alcohol-containing products should be avoided.
Sun Protection
Chemotherapy significantly increases the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. SPF 50+ mineral sunscreen should be used when going outdoors, and hats and protective clothing should be worn. The hours of peak sun intensity should be avoided.
Nail Care and Protection
Chemotherapy also causes notable changes to nails. Nail darkening, brittleness, ridging, onycholysis (separation of the nail from the nail bed), and increased susceptibility to fungal infections are frequently observed.
Protective Measures
The cooling method is the most widely recommended approach as of 2026 for reducing the impact of chemotherapy on nails. Cold gloves and socks applied to the hands and feet during chemotherapy infusion reduce blood circulation, limiting the drug's reach to the nail bed.
Daily care considerations:
- Nails should be kept short and trimmed straight
- Breathable, strengthening formulas should be chosen for nail polishes
- Gloves must always be worn when washing dishes and cleaning
- Cuticles should not be cut; they can be gently pushed back
- Nail care oils containing biotin and keratin should be applied regularly
Hand-Foot Syndrome Management
Hand-foot syndrome is a common side effect of certain chemotherapy drugs. Painful redness, swelling, and blisters develop on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Urea-based creams, cold compresses, and comfortable footwear play an important role in managing this condition. In severe cases, a dose adjustment by the oncologist may be necessary.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Your healthcare team should be notified immediately if any of the following occur:
- Open wounds or signs of infection
- Widespread rash accompanied by fever
- Severe itching or signs of an allergic reaction
- Inflammation or discharge from the nails
While the chemotherapy process is temporary, with the right care practices the impact on skin and nails can be minimised during this period. At Virtuana Clinic, we offer specialised supportive care programmes for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Please contact us for pricing and to discuss your individual care needs.